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xv | |
Preface |
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xvii | |
Acknowledgments |
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xix | |
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Overview of Constitutional Criminal Procedure |
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1 | (10) |
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PART ONE Search and Seizure---The Framework of the Fourth Amendment |
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Introduction to the Fourth Amendment |
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11 | (6) |
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When Does the Fourth Amendment Apply? |
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17 | (28) |
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Governmental Action --- Public Versus Private Search |
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17 | (6) |
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Reasonable Expectation of Privacy |
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23 | (22) |
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What Does the Fourth Amendment Require? --- The Doctrine of Justification |
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45 | (78) |
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Probable Cause---The Standard for Search and Arrest |
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46 | (24) |
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Reasonable Suspicion---The Standard for Stop and Frisk |
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70 | (4) |
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74 | (5) |
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The Expansion of Terry: Demand for Identification, Vehicle Stops, Detention of Effects, Protective Sweeps, and Plain Feel |
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79 | (26) |
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105 | (18) |
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Search and Arrest Warrants |
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123 | (24) |
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Note on the Warrant Requirement |
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123 | (1) |
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The Components of a Valid Search Warrant |
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124 | (16) |
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Neutral and Detached Magistrate |
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124 | (1) |
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The Probable Cause Showing |
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125 | (2) |
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The Particularity Requirement |
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127 | (13) |
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Execution of a Search Warrant |
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140 | (1) |
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Administrative Search Warrants |
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141 | (1) |
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Anticipatory Search Warrants |
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141 | (1) |
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The Arrest Warrant Requirement |
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142 | (1) |
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The Components of a Valid Arrest Warrant |
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143 | (4) |
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Warrantless Searches and Seizures |
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147 | (54) |
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147 | (1) |
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Exceptions That Require Probable Cause: The Emergency Exception (Exigent Circumstances) |
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148 | (10) |
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Exceptions That Require Probable Cause: Search Incident to Arrest |
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158 | (11) |
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Exceptions That Require Probable Cause: The Automobile Search and the Container Doctrine |
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169 | (6) |
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Exceptions That Require Reasonable Suspicion: Stop and Frisk and Investigative Detentions |
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175 | (1) |
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Administrative and Inventory Searches |
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175 | (2) |
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Warrantless Intrusion Requiring No Justification: Consent |
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177 | (13) |
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190 | (7) |
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197 | (4) |
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The Exclusionary Rule: Rationale, Operation, and Limitations |
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201 | (56) |
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The Rationale of the Exclusionary Rule |
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201 | (5) |
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The Derivative Evidence (``Fruit-of-the-Poisonous-Tree'') Doctrine |
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206 | (17) |
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Limitations on the Exclusionary Rule |
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223 | (34) |
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223 | (12) |
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Limitation to Criminal Trial Versus Other Proceedings |
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235 | (4) |
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239 | (13) |
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The Impeachment Exception |
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252 | (1) |
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253 | (4) |
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PART TWO Interrogation and Confessions |
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The Voluntariness Standard |
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257 | (14) |
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271 | (74) |
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271 | (3) |
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The Components of Miranda |
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274 | (55) |
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275 | (8) |
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283 | (13) |
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The Substance and Adequacy of the Warnings |
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296 | (6) |
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302 | (13) |
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Waiver After Invocation of the Right to Silence or to Counsel |
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315 | (14) |
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Limitations on the Scope of the Miranda Exclusionary Rule |
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329 | (13) |
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Use of the Statement for Impeachment |
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331 | (1) |
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The Public Safety Exception |
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332 | (7) |
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Suppression of the Fruits of a Statement Obtained in Violation of Miranda |
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339 | (3) |
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Summary --- What's Left of Miranda? |
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342 | (3) |
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The Sixth Amendment ``Right to Counsel'' Approach |
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345 | (14) |
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345 | (2) |
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The ``Deliberately Elicit'' Standard |
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347 | (1) |
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At What Point Does the Massiah Doctrine Apply? --- The Initiation of Judicial Proceedings |
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348 | (2) |
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Waiver and Exceptions to the Massiah Doctrine |
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350 | (5) |
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Overview of Interrogation and Confessions |
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355 | (4) |
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PART THREE Other Investigative Procedures |
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Other Investigative Procedures --- Eyewitness Identification, Bodily Intrusions, Examination of Physical Attributes, Entrapment, ``High-Tech'' and Computer Searches |
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359 | (28) |
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Eyewitness Identification |
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360 | (7) |
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Bodily Intrusions and Examination of Suspect's Physical Attributes |
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367 | (6) |
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373 | (8) |
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374 | (1) |
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375 | (6) |
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381 | (6) |
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Electronic Surveillance and Wiretapping |
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381 | (1) |
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382 | (5) |
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September 11, 2001, and Its Aftermath |
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387 | (6) |
Appendix |
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393 | (14) |
Table of Cases |
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407 | (14) |
Index |
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421 | |